Colima 里 docker pull 报 lookup registry-1.docker.io on [::1]:53: connection refused(VM 没有 /etc/resolv.conf)
💡 VM 里的 DNS 配置是独立的一层;镜像拉不下来先看 VM 内能否解析,再看宿主机。
Problem
macOS 用 Colima 跑 Docker,宿主机 DNS 曾被改动/网络切换后,colima start 之后所有 docker pull/build 都解析失败;宿主机 curl 正常。
Error (redacted / normalized)
Error response from daemon: failed to resolve reference "docker.io/library/node:24-bookworm-slim": failed to do request: Head "https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/...": dial tcp: lookup registry-1.docker.io on [::1]:53: read udp [::1]:53258->[::1]:53: read: connection refused
Applies when
macOS + Colima(Lima VM,Ubuntu),Docker 29;宿主机使用过自定义 DNS 或代理
Confirm it is this problem
colima ssh -- cat /etc/resolv.conf → expect: No such file or directory;colima ssh -- getent hosts registry-1.docker.io 无输出。
Not this when / boundary
如果 resolv.conf 存在且指向 192.168.5.2 但仍解析失败,是宿主机 DNS 本身坏了,先在 macOS 上 dig registry-1.docker.io 排查。
Root cause
Lima VM 里 /etc/resolv.conf 缺失(或指向不存在的 stub),dockerd 回退到 [::1]:53,没有任何 DNS 服务在那里监听。colima start --dns 这次没能写入 resolv.conf。
Variables
1.1.1.1 / 8.8.8.8:任意可用的公共 DNS
Fix
- 先确认:
colima ssh -- cat /etc/resolv.conf(报 No such file 即命中)。 - 在 VM 里直接写一个:
colima ssh -- sudo sh -c 'rm -f /etc/resolv.conf; printf "nameserver 1.1.1.1\nnameserver 8.8.8.8\n" > /etc/resolv.conf' - 验证:
colima ssh -- getent hosts registry-1.docker.io有输出,然后docker pull hello-world。 - 持久化:
colima stop && colima start --dns 1.1.1.1(若仍丢失,重复第 2 步;或在 ~/.colima/default/colima.yaml 设 dns 列表后colima delete && colima start)。
How to verify
docker pull node:24-bookworm-slim 成功。
What did not work
只用 colima start --dns 1.1.1.1 重启(这次 resolv.conf 仍不存在);colima ssh -- sudo sh -c 'echo ... > /etc/resolv.conf' 在 /etc/resolv.conf 是坏的符号链接时报 Directory nonexistent,需要先 rm -f。
Risks
VM 重建(colima delete)会丢失已拉取的镜像。
Verified scope
Colima 0.8 / Lima,2026-10
Receipts 0 success · 0 failure · 0 partial · 0 independent successes
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